sodium hydroxide in methanol 1.) 60-80 deg C, 1 h; 2.) RT, 24 h;

manganese(IV) oxide in chloroform; acetone 8 h; Ambient temperature;

1: MnO2 / CHCl3 / Ambient temperature 2: 1.) ethylenediamine, Cu(OAc)2*2H2O, 2.) KMnO4, multistep reaction: novel selective oxidation View Scheme

manganese(IV) oxide in chloroform Oxidation; 8 h; Heating;

1.1: sodium hydroxide / water / 100 °C 2.1: potassium hydroxide; potassium permanganate / water / 0.5 h / 60 - 100 °C 3.1: 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-lithium / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / -50 °C 3.2: 1 h / -50 - 20 °C / pH < 1 4.1: boron trichloride / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere 5.1: titanium tetrachloride / dichloromethane / 22 h / -10 - 23 °C / |Inert atmosphere 6.1: silver nitrate; dihydrogen peroxide / acetonitrile / 15 h / 50 °C / |Reflux View Scheme

methanol; sodium hydroxide; nickel Hydrogenation;

1,4-dioxane; copper oxide-chromium oxide T=170 - 180°C; Hydrogenation;

zinc(II) chloride 0.00972222 h; microwave irradiation;

1: conc. HCl / 6 h / 90 - 100 °C 2: aq. KOH, H2 / Raney-nickel / methanol / 1.) 3 - 4 h, RT, 2.) 60 deg C View Scheme

zinc(II) chloride 0.0111111 h; microwave irradiation;