hydrogenchloride; water 4 h; RefluxLarge scale reaction;

in methanol Reflux;

ammonium hydroxide T=0°C; 0.5 h;

ammonia

1: 86 percent / HCl / Ambient temperature 2: 95 percent / diethyl ether; CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 10 - 15 °C 3: 1.) t-BuOK / 1.) DMA, 0 deg C, 10 min, 2.) DMA, RT, 1 h 4: LiOH*H2O / dioxane; H2O / 20 h / Ambient temperature 5: 88 percent / K2CO3 / N,N-dimethyl-acetamide / 4 h / 20 - 50 °C View Scheme

thionyl chloride T=40 - 45°C; Large scale reaction;

1: 86 percent / HCl / Ambient temperature 2: 95 percent / diethyl ether; CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 10 - 15 °C 3: 1.) t-BuOK / 1.) DMA, 0 deg C, 10 min, 2.) DMA, RT, 1 h 4: LiOH*H2O / dioxane; H2O / 20 h / Ambient temperature 5: 88 percent / K2CO3 / N,N-dimethyl-acetamide / 4 h / 20 - 50 °C 6: 81 percent / 25percent aq. AcOH / 2.5 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: 86 percent / HCl / Ambient temperature 2: 95 percent / diethyl ether; CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 10 - 15 °C View Scheme

1: With hydrogenchloride; thionyl chloride T=5°C; 0.166667 h; 2: 1.5 h; Heating;

1: 86 percent / HCl / Ambient temperature 2: 95 percent / diethyl ether; CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 10 - 15 °C 3: 1.) POCl3, 2.) pyridine / 1.) benzene, reflux, 1 h, 2.) benzene, reflux, 1 h View Scheme