1,1'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocenenickel(II) chloride; potassium iodide in diethyl ether; toluene T=110°C; 15 h;

Pd0(tris(tert-butyl)phosphine)2 in toluene T=20°C; 1 h;

1,1'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; [Ni0(1,5-cyclooctadiene)2] in diethyl ether; toluene T=20°C; 24 h; Inert atmosphere; stereospecific reaction;

CuCN in tetrahydrofuran 1.)s-BuLi, CuCN, -78 deg C, then -20 deg C, 2.) -70 deg C, aryl triflate, then -20 deg C, 40h;

sulfur T=250°C; 2 h;

HM zeolite in cyclohexane T=180°C; 1 h; Title compound not separated from byproducts.;

(R)-(S)-PPF-PtBu2; Pd(P(o-Tol)3)2 in tetrahydrofuran; toluene T=20°C; Kumada coupling;

copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) in 1,2-dichloro-ethane T=80°C; Friedel-Crafts alkylation; 4 h;

1: 82 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 2: 97 percent / 36percent HCl / acetic acid / 8 h / 70 °C 3: 1) KOH, 2) N2H4*H2O / 1) diethyleneglycol / 50 deg C / 30 min 2a) 15h reflux b) 180 deg C / 6h 4: 90 percent / Polyphosphoric acid / 2 h / 90 - 100 °C 5: 1) N2H4*H2O, 2) KOH / 1a) diethylene glycol / 0 deg C, b) 1h reflux, 2a)1h reflux b) 180 deg C / 4h 6: 23 percent / sulfur / 2 h / 250 °C View Scheme

1: 97 percent / 36percent HCl / acetic acid / 8 h / 70 °C 2: 1) KOH, 2) N2H4*H2O / 1) diethyleneglycol / 50 deg C / 30 min 2a) 15h reflux b) 180 deg C / 6h 3: 90 percent / Polyphosphoric acid / 2 h / 90 - 100 °C 4: 1) N2H4*H2O, 2) KOH / 1a) diethylene glycol / 0 deg C, b) 1h reflux, 2a)1h reflux b) 180 deg C / 4h 5: 23 percent / sulfur / 2 h / 250 °C View Scheme