in anhydrous xylene T=150°C; Inert atmospheresealed tube;

oxygen in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=140°C; P=760.051 Torr; 24 h;

Ru(II)[meso-tetraphenylporphyrin](CO) in 1,2-dichloro-benzene T=120°C; 1.5 h; Inert atmosphereIrradiation;

1: With caesium carbonate; tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) in toluene 2: With sodium t-butanolate in toluene Further stages.;

phenyl-magnesium bromide in tetrahydrofuran T=0°C; 0.25 h; Inert atmosphere;

sodium carbonate; magnesium chloride; palladium on activated charcoal 1.) methyl Cellosolve, reflux, 1 h, 2.) reflux, 4 h, 3.) xylene, reflux, 48 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction. Yields of byproduct given;

1: sodium azide; acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 0.5 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: anhydrous xylene / 150 °C / Inert atmosphere; sealed tube View Scheme

1.1: tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); caesium carbonate; (Me)CgPPh / toluene / 70 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2; tri-tert-butyl phosphine; lithium chloride; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) / tetrahydrofuran / Inert atmosphere 2.2: Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium azide; acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 0.5 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: anhydrous xylene / 150 °C / Inert atmosphere; sealed tube View Scheme

oxygen in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=140°C; P=760.051 Torr; 24 h; Overall yield = 62 percent;

in diethyl ether; ethanol; 2-methyl-butane T=-196.1°C;