thionyl chloride in pyridine; chloroform T=10 - 20°C; 48 h;

chlorosulfonic acid T=0 - 2°C;

1: 99 percent / NaBH4 / dioxane; H2O / 0.5 h / 30 - 40 °C 2: 86 percent / SOCl2 / CHCl3; pyridine / 48 h / 10 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: 1) HCl, NaNO2; 2) CH3COONa*3H2O, CuSO4*5H2O, Na2SO3 / 1) H2O, 0-5 deg C; 2) 2 h, 10-20 deg C; 3) aq. HCl 2: 99 percent / NaBH4 / dioxane; H2O / 0.5 h / 30 - 40 °C 3: 86 percent / SOCl2 / CHCl3; pyridine / 48 h / 10 - 20 °C View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; (CH2)6N4 1) 2 h reflux in AcOH-H2O; 2) 15 min. reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride; water; potassium acetate 1) 4 h, 60 deg C, DMSO; 2) aq.HCl, EtOH, 7 h reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction;