water T=55°C; Kinetics; Concentration;

pyridine T=20°C; 6 h;

in ethanol

1.) 30 min, 2.) RT, 30 min;

water T=55°C; Kinetics; Concentration;

T=55°C; Kinetics; Concentration;

in toluene 7 h; Heating;

1: 1.) CH3CN, RT, 5 min, 2.) CH3CN, reflux, 5 h 2: 70 percent / Et3N / benzene / 2 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: tert.-butyl lithium / tetrahydrofuran; pentane / 3.33 h / -78 - -30 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 0.83 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: hydrogenchloride; acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 0 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.2: 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: copper(l) iodide; bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride / dichloromethane / 0.5 h / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 16 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: sulfuric acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: toluene / 4 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 7.1: potassium carbonate / ethanol / 14 h / Inert atmosphere; Reflux View Scheme

1: NH3 2: SOCl2 / dimethylformamide View Scheme