1: 1.) HMDS, ammonium sulfate / 1.) CH3CN, reflux, 3 h, 2.) CHCl3, reflux, 20 h 2: 93 percent / NH3 / methanol / 65 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 48 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: methanol / dichloromethane; 1,2-dichloro-ethane 3: methanol; ammonia / 48 h / 20 °C / Saturated gas View Scheme

1: NaI / CH2Cl2; acetonitrile / 168 h / Ambient temperature 2: 90 percent / aq. NaOH / methanol / 16 h View Scheme

1: in tetrachloromethane T=77°C; 72 h; 2: With ammonium hydroxide in methanol T=20°C; 24 h;

1: CCl4 / Heating 2: NH3 / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 52 percent / CCl4 / 72 h / 77 °C 2: 67 percent / ammonia / methanol / 6 h / 150 °C View Scheme

1: sodium iodide / acetonitrile; 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 24 h / 20 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: sodium methylate / methanol / 7 h / 33 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 18 h / Heating 2: 55 percent / NH3/MeOH / 1.5 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1: 1.) hexamethyldisilazane, amonium sulfate / 1.) reflux, 3 h, 2.) chloroform, reflux, 24 h 2: 88 percent / NH3 / methanol / 24 h / Ambient temperature 3: 1.) pyridine / 1.) 100-110 deg C, 2 h, 2.) a) 0 deg C, 72 h, b) RT, 5 h 4: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 1.25 h / Heating 5: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 1.25 h / Heating 6: 64 percent / HCl / CHCl3 / 0.5 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1: 64 percent / K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 36 h / Ambient temperature 2: 78 percent / pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 0.75 h / -30 - -10 °C 3: 1) NaH / 1) DMF, 0 deg C, 30 min, 2a) 0 deg C, 20 min, b) to r.t. over 30 min 4: 86 percent / Bu3SnH, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) / toluene / 3 h / Heating 5: HBr, AcOH / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Ambient temperature 6: 4 Angstroem molecular sieves / acetonitrile / 14 h / Ambient temperature 7: 95 percent / NH3 / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 16 h / 100 °C View Scheme