Carbonate buffer; N-hexadecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide; sodium bromide T=25°C; pH=10.60; Kinetics;

phosphate buffer pH 7.30; N-hexadecyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide T=25°C; effect of surfactant and catalyst concentration on the rate constants; other reagents; Rate constant;

1: H2O, erythromycin A-hydrolyse prod. (Z) / dioxane / 20 °C / pH 12.191 2: pyridine / 1 h View Scheme

sodium hydroxide; macroporous poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) in water; acetonitrile T=23°C; var. composition of equilibration solvent; Rate constant;

dm-3 phosphate buffer T=25°C; pH 11.60; var. conc. of TFE, also in the presence of cyclodextrins at var conc.; Rate constant;

1: H2O, erythromycin A-hydrolyse prod. (Z) / dioxane / 20 °C / pH 12.191 2: pyridine / 1 h View Scheme

1: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / nitrobenzene / 5 h / 140 °C 2: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene / acetone / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 3: bromine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 25 - 30 °C 4: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 15 - 20 °C 5: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 6: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol / 0.5 h / 0 - 5 °C 7: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 5 h / 90 - 95 °C View Scheme

1: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / nitrobenzene / 5 h / 140 °C 2: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene / acetone / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 3: bromine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 25 - 30 °C 4: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 15 - 20 °C 5: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 6: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol / 0.5 h / 0 - 5 °C 7: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 5 h / 90 - 95 °C 8: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 5.08 h / 0 - 30 °C 9: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / chlorobenzene / 5.17 h / 20 - 80 °C View Scheme

1: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / nitrobenzene / 5 h / 140 °C 2: 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene / acetone / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 3: bromine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 25 - 30 °C 4: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 15 - 20 °C 5: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C 6: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol / 0.5 h / 0 - 5 °C 7: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 5 h / 90 - 95 °C 8: AlCl3, aluminium chloride / dichloromethane / 5.08 h / 0 - 30 °C View Scheme

sodium hydroxide; macroporous poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) in water; acetonitrile T=23°C; var. composition of equilibration solvent; Rate constant;