1: With copper diacetate; palladium diacetate; trifluoroacetic acid in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether T=120°C; 24 h; Inert atmosphereSealed tube; 2: With potassium carbonate in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; water T=20°C;

palladium diacetate; caesium carbonate; 1,2-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ethane in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=100°C; 14 h; Inert atmosphere;

C2H3O2(1-)*C20H30OP(1-)*C20H31OP*Pd(2+); caesium carbonate in 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one T=110°C; 18 h; Inert atmosphere;

dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II); 1,10-phenanthroline; tetrabutylammomium bromide; copper diacetate; sodium carbonate in 1,4-dioxane; dimethyl sulfoxide T=20 - 100°C; 4.58333 h; Inert atmosphere;

dirhodium tetraacetate T=95°C;

1: hydrazine hydrate; water / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II); sodium carbonate; copper diacetate; tetrabutylammomium bromide; 1,10-phenanthroline / dimethyl sulfoxide; 1,4-dioxane / 4.58 h / 20 - 100 °C / |Inert atmosphere View Scheme

acetic acid