potassium hydroxide in methanol 1 h; Heating;

hydrogenchloride T=85 - 90°C; 2 h;

1: 47 percent / K2CO3, KI / dimethylsulfoxide / 5 h / 70 °C 2: 93 percent / KOH / methanol / 1 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 82 percent / aluminium chloride / chlorobenzene / 2 h / 100 - 110 °C 2: 47 percent / K2CO3, KI / dimethylsulfoxide / 5 h / 70 °C 3: 93 percent / KOH / methanol / 1 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 82 percent / isobutyl chloroformiate / CHCl3; triethylamine / 12 h / Ambient temperature 2: 82 percent / aluminium chloride / chlorobenzene / 2 h / 100 - 110 °C 3: 47 percent / K2CO3, KI / dimethylsulfoxide / 5 h / 70 °C 4: 93 percent / KOH / methanol / 1 h / Heating View Scheme