1: toluene / 24 h / Heating 2: 0.1 N HCl / Ambient temperature 3: toluene / pH = 8.4; buffer: LiOH, 85percent aq. H3PO4, CH3COOH, B(OH)3 4: 98 percent / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / ethyl acetate / 3 h / 20 °C / 760 Torr View Scheme