1: 76 percent / anhydrous AlCl3 / benzene / 1.) 8 h, 65 deg C, 2.) overnight, room temperature 2: 79 percent / HCl, activated zinc dust / diethyl ether / 1.) during addition, 5 deg C, 2.) 3 h, 0 deg C 3: 1.) Mg / 1.) ether, 2.) a) room temperature, b) 1 h, reflux 4: 80 percent / toluene-p-sulphonic acid / benzene / 6 h / Heating View Scheme