1: NaOH / ethanol; H2O / 0.67 h / 0 - 3 °C 2: 84 percent / 1.) pyridine, 0 deg C, 16 h, 2.) pyridine, CH3OH, 20 deg C, 1 h View Scheme

sodium hydroxide in pyridine; methanol 0.00833333 h; microwave irradiation;

1: 75 percent / triphenylphosphine; diethyl azodicarboxylate / dioxane / 18 h / 20 °C 2: 85 percent / NaOH / methanol / 3 h / 20 °C 3: 90 percent / N-chlorosuccinimide; Na2SO3; Na2CO3 / AgNO3 / acetonitrile; CH2Cl2 / 0.33 h / 25 °C 4: HCl / HCl / 0.5 h / 80 °C / Acid hydrolysis View Scheme

1: diethyl azodicarboxylate, triphenylphosphine / dioxane / Ambient temperature 2: conc. NH3 View Scheme

ammonium hydroxide; triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate 1.) dioxane, 24 h, r.t.; 2.) dioxane, 3 d; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

1: 87 percent / Et3N, 4-dimethylaminopyridine / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / 0 °C 3: 1.) DBU 2.) 1N NaOH / 0.17 h / 0 °C 4: 100 percent / NH4OH / 72 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1: 87 percent / Et3N, 4-dimethylaminopyridine / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / 0 °C 3: 1.) DBU 2.) 1N NaOH / 0.17 h / 0 °C 4: 100 percent / NH4OH / 72 h / 50 °C View Scheme