hydrogenchloride; SnCl2·2H2O in ethanol; water T=20 - 50°C; 2.5 h;

hydrogenchloride; tin(ll) chloride in ethanol T=33 - 37°C; 2 h;

1: nitric acid; sulfuric acid 2: Raney nickel; ethanol / Hydrogenation View Scheme

1: 77 percent / phosphorus oxychloride / 10 h / Heating 2: 66 percent / nitric acid / H2SO4 / 1) -10 deg C, 30 min 2) 100 deg C, 1 h 3: 0.24 g / stannous chloride, conc. hydrochloric acid / ethanol / 2 h / 33 - 37 °C View Scheme

1: 66 percent / nitric acid / H2SO4 / 1) -10 deg C, 30 min 2) 100 deg C, 1 h 2: 0.24 g / stannous chloride, conc. hydrochloric acid / ethanol / 2 h / 33 - 37 °C View Scheme

1: trichlorophosphate / 2 h / |Reflux 2: sulfuric acid; nitric acid / 3 h / 0 - 15 °C 3: iron; ammonium chloride / ethanol; water / 2 h / |Reflux View Scheme