1: 60 percent / ethanol; H2O / 1.) add KCN, 0 grad C; 2.) stir overnight, room temp. 2: BH3 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.) add BH3 over 14 min, 0 grad C; 2.) stir 2 h 3: aq. NaOH, 30percent aq. H2O2 / 1 h / 40 °C 4: 1.) 3N aq. NaOH; 2.) 4N aq. H2SO4 / 1.) ca 100 deg C, 20 h; 2.) cool with ice View Scheme

1: KOH / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 10 °C 2: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) THF, hexane, -78 deg C, 30 min, 2.) THF, hexane, RT,5 h 3: 65 percent / Na2HPO4, 6percent sodium amalgam / methanol / 2.5 h / 25 °C View Scheme

in ethanol; water 1.) add KCN, 0 grad C; 2.) stir overnight, room temp.;

1: 60 percent / ethanol; H2O / 1.) add KCN, 0 grad C; 2.) stir overnight, room temp. 2: BH3 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.) add BH3 over 14 min, 0 grad C; 2.) stir 2 h View Scheme