1: dimethylformamide 2: KOH / ethane-1,2-diol / 150 °C View Scheme

propylamine; lithium in ethylenediamine Reduction; 2 h;

1: Na2CO3 / bis-(2-methoxy-ethyl) ether; H2O 2: PBr3 View Scheme

1: 81.4 percent / KOH / dimethylsulfoxide; H2O / 20 h / 65 - 70 °C 2: 1.) SO2Cl2, 2.) NaN3 3: 75 percent / m-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid, NaHCO3 / CH2Cl2; H2O / 1 h / 0 - 10 °C 4: 84.5 percent / Potassium tert-butoxide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.25 h View Scheme

in N,N-dimethyl-formamide