1: 94 percent / NaH / benzene / 1 h / Heating 2: 87 percent / NaOMe / methanol; benzene / 20 h / Ambient temperature 3: 89 percent / KOH / H2O / 8 h / Heating 4: 90 percent / hydrazine monohydrate, KOH / benzene; bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl) ether / 1.) 100-105 deg C, 1 h, 2.) 190-200 deg C, 6 h 5: 82 percent / 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanoquinone / benzene / 5 h / Heating View Scheme

T=160°C;

1: 1) 9-BBN, 2) CH3ONa / 2) dichloro<1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene>palladium(II) / 1) THF, room temperature, 3 h, 2) THF, reflux, 2.5 h 2: 98 percent / KOH / ethanol / 3.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 72 percent / polyphosphonate ester / CHCl3; diethyl ether / 9 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: succinoylation (acc.to the method of Fieser and Peter) 2: Clemmensen reduction 3: 33 percent / PPA / 1) cooling, 1h 2) r.t., 4h View Scheme

acetic acid; zinc(II) chloride

1: 98 percent / KOH / ethanol / 3.5 h / Ambient temperature 2: 72 percent / polyphosphonate ester / CHCl3; diethyl ether / 9 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: Clemmensen reduction 2: 33 percent / PPA / 1) cooling, 1h 2) r.t., 4h View Scheme

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