1: carbon dioxide; aniline in dimethyl sulfoxide T=60°C; 0.5 h; 2: With N-benzyl-trimethylammonium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide T=60°C; 0.5 h; 3: n-hexyl p-toluenesulfonate in dimethyl sulfoxide T=60°C; 4 h;

selenium; oxygen; triethylamine T=180°C; P=15001.5 Torr; 6 h; Autoclave;

sodium hydroxide

in not given T=25°C; other temperatures; ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.),; KineticsRate constantThermodynamic data;