1: 34 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: 97 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 14 h / Ambient temperature 3: 8 percent / potassium carbonate, copper(II) oxide / 16 h / 140 °C View Scheme

1: 18 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 14 h / Ambient temperature 3: 17 percent / potassium carbonate, copper(II) oxide / 16 h / 140 °C View Scheme

durch Kalischmelze;

potassium carbonate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=20°C; 24 h; SolventTemperatureTime;

sodium hydroxide; dimethyl sulfate in water

potassium carbonate in acetone 4 h; Heating;

1: 34 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: 97 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 14 h / Ambient temperature 3: 1.) hydrogen / 1.) palladized charcoal / 1.) ethanol, 18 h View Scheme

1: 22 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / Ambient temperature 3: 16 percent / potassium carbonate, copper(II) oxide / 16 h / 140 °C View Scheme

1: 22 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / Ambient temperature 3: 77 percent / potassium carbonate, copper(II) oxide / 16 h / 140 °C 4: 97 percent / bromine / CH2Cl2 / 0.25 h 5: 85 percent / bromine / CH2Cl2 / 19.5 h 6: 95 percent / phosphinic acid / palladized charcoal / methanol / 0.42 h / Heating 7: 1.) sodium nitrite, hydrochloric acid, 2.) phosphinic acid / 1.) dioxane, water, 0 - 5 deg C, 0.5 h, 2.) 21 h 8: 48 percent / copper bronze / 2 h / 260 °C 9: 98 percent / potassium hydroxide, water / dimethylsulfoxide / 1.67 h / Heating 10: 11 percent / copper chromite / quinoline / 1.5 h / 180 °C View Scheme

1: 18 percent / nitric acid, acetic acid / 4 h / 15 - 16 °C / further nitration agents 2: potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 14 h / Ambient temperature 3: 1.) hydrogen / 1.) palladized charcoal / 1.) ethanol, 18 h View Scheme