1: 88 percent / aq. NaOH / 8 h / refluxing under Ar; diluting with H2O; acidifying with AcOH up to pH 6.12; ppt. collecting by vacuum filtration 2: 77 percent / SOCl2; HCl / methanol; dioxane / 18 h / -10 - 21 °C / SOCl2 adding to a pre-cooled susp. of the acid in MeOH, stirring under Ar, evapg., treated with aq. K2CO3 and with 4 N HCl View Scheme

1: 64 percent / 10 N NaOH / 8 h / Heating 2: SOCl2 / 18 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 64 percent / 10 N NaOH / 8 h / Heating 2: SOCl2 / 18 h / Ambient temperature 3: LiAlH4 / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / Heating View Scheme