1: 91 percent / H2 / Raney-Ni W-2 / 8 h / 21 °C / 2585.74 Torr / in the excess of Ac2O 2: 88 percent / aq. NaOH / 8 h / refluxing under Ar; diluting with H2O; acidifying with AcOH up to pH 6.12; ppt. collecting by vacuum filtration 3: 77 percent / SOCl2; HCl / methanol; dioxane / 18 h / -10 - 21 °C / SOCl2 adding to a pre-cooled susp. of the acid in MeOH, stirring under Ar, evapg., treated with aq. K2CO3 and with 4 N HCl View Scheme

1: 56 percent / H2 / Raney Ni (W-4) / 2585.7 Torr 2: 64 percent / 10 N NaOH / 8 h / Heating 3: SOCl2 / 18 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 56 percent / H2 / Raney Ni (W-4) / 2585.7 Torr 2: 64 percent / 10 N NaOH / 8 h / Heating 3: SOCl2 / 18 h / Ambient temperature 4: LiAlH4 / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / Heating View Scheme