urea T=175°C; 1 h;

potassium hydroxide

1: Py 2: benzene; H2O 3: aq. KOH View Scheme

1: benzene; H2O 2: aq. KOH View Scheme

1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / 20 - 100 °C 2: sodium hydroxide; water / methanol / 4 h / Reflux View Scheme

1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / 45 °C 2: sulfuric acid / 60 - 65 °C 3: lithium hydroxide hydrate / isopropyl alcohol; water / 6 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: acetic anhydride / 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene / 1 h / 100 °C / 150.01 Torr 2: pyridine / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 3: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 2 h / -75 °C 4: hydrogenchloride / water; 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene / 1 h / |Reflux 5: sodium methylate / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 6 h / 20 °C View Scheme