1: 95 percent / NaOH / H2O; ethanol / Heating 2: 64 percent / 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 3 h / Ambient temperature 3: 1.) HCl, 2.) NH3 / 1.) EtOH, RT, 1.5 h, 2.) EtOH, 1 h, RT 4: 70 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 40 °C 5: methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -40 °C View Scheme