potassium hydroxide; sodium hydroxide in butan-1-ol 24 h; Heating;

1: oxalylchloride 2: P/HI 3: NaOH View Scheme

1: P/HI 2: NaOH View Scheme

1: 77.4 percent / AlCl3 / various solvent(s) / 20 h / Ambient temperature 2: 87.3 percent / 1 N NaOH / ethanol; H2O / 0.17 h / Heating 3: 83.4 percent / hydrazine hydrate, NaOCH3 / 2-methoxy-ethanol / 1.) from 60 deg C to 150 deg C, 2.) 150 deg C, 1 h 4: 77.3 percent / pyridine hydrochloride / 3 h / 180 °C 5: 75.6 percent / NaOH, KOH / butan-1-ol / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 77.3 percent / pyridine hydrochloride / 3 h / 180 °C 2: 75.6 percent / NaOH, KOH / butan-1-ol / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 83.4 percent / hydrazine hydrate, NaOCH3 / 2-methoxy-ethanol / 1.) from 60 deg C to 150 deg C, 2.) 150 deg C, 1 h 2: 77.3 percent / pyridine hydrochloride / 3 h / 180 °C 3: 75.6 percent / NaOH, KOH / butan-1-ol / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: KOH 2: oxalylchloride 3: P/HI 4: NaOH View Scheme

1: KOH 2: oxalylchloride 3: P/HI 4: NaOH View Scheme

1: KOH 2: oxalylchloride 3: P/HI 4: NaOH View Scheme

1: KOH 2: oxalylchloride 3: P/HI 4: NaOH View Scheme