1: SOCl2 / tetrahydrofuran / 0.08 h / Heating 2: Hunig's base / tetrahydrofuran / -20 - 20 °C 3: 1.) H2, 2.) HCl / 10percent Pd/C / 1.) methanol, 40 deg C, 1 atm, 2.) isopropanol, -30 deg C 4: 64 percent / 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 3 h / Ambient temperature 5: 1.) HCl, 2.) NH3 / 1.) EtOH, RT, 1.5 h, 2.) EtOH, 1 h, RT 6: 70 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 40 °C 7: methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -40 °C View Scheme

1: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 1.) 1 h, ice cooled, 2.) 2 h, ambient temperature 2: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 3: TFA / CH2Cl2 4: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 5: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 6: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 7: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme

1: 69 percent / 2 M NaOH / ethanol / 1.5 h / Heating 2: H2, 1.0 M Na2CO3(aq.) / 5percent Pd/C / 3.5 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 3: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 1.) 1 h, ice cooled, 2.) 2 h, ambient temperature 4: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 5: TFA / CH2Cl2 6: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 7: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 8: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 9: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme

1: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 2: TFA / CH2Cl2 3: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 4: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 5: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 6: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme

1: 43 percent / 1.) 70percent nitric acid, acetic anhydride / 1.) a) -15 deg C, 0.5 h, b) RT, 20 min 2: SOCl2 / tetrahydrofuran / 0.08 h / Heating 3: Hunig's base / tetrahydrofuran / -20 - 20 °C 4: 1.) H2, 2.) HCl / 10percent Pd/C / 1.) methanol, 40 deg C, 1 atm, 2.) isopropanol, -30 deg C 5: 64 percent / 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 3 h / Ambient temperature 6: 1.) HCl, 2.) NH3 / 1.) EtOH, RT, 1.5 h, 2.) EtOH, 1 h, RT 7: 70 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 40 °C 8: methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -40 °C View Scheme

1: Hunig's base / tetrahydrofuran / -20 - 20 °C 2: 1.) H2, 2.) HCl / 10percent Pd/C / 1.) methanol, 40 deg C, 1 atm, 2.) isopropanol, -30 deg C 3: 64 percent / 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: 1.) HCl, 2.) NH3 / 1.) EtOH, RT, 1.5 h, 2.) EtOH, 1 h, RT 5: 70 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 40 °C 6: methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -40 °C View Scheme

1: 92 percent / aq. NaOH / Heating 2: SOCl2 / tetrahydrofuran / 0.08 h / Heating 3: Hunig's base / tetrahydrofuran / -20 - 20 °C 4: 1.) H2, 2.) HCl / 10percent Pd/C / 1.) methanol, 40 deg C, 1 atm, 2.) isopropanol, -30 deg C 5: 64 percent / 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 3 h / Ambient temperature 6: 1.) HCl, 2.) NH3 / 1.) EtOH, RT, 1.5 h, 2.) EtOH, 1 h, RT 7: 70 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 40 °C 8: methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / -40 °C View Scheme

1: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 2: TFA / CH2Cl2 3: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 4: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 5: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 6: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme

1: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature; stoppered flask 2: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 3: TFA / CH2Cl2 4: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 5: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 6: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 7: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme

1: dimethylformamide / 40 °C 2: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature; stoppered flask 3: 1-ethyl-3-<3-(dimethylamino)propyl>carbodiimide hydrochloride / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 4: TFA / CH2Cl2 5: EDC / dimethylformamide / 40 °C 6: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 3102.9 Torr / Ambient temperature 7: 88 percent / DCC / dimethylformamide / 1.) 70 min, 0 deg C, 2.) 40 deg C, overnight 8: 1.) NaHCO3, 2.) HCl / H2O; dioxane / 1.) 15 min, ice-cooled, 2.) room temperature, overnight View Scheme