1: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 2: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 3: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 4: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 85 percent / NaH / dimethylformamide / 6 h / 0 - 25 °C 2: EDCI, HOBt*H2O / dimethylformamide / 16 h / 25 °C 3: 1.) NaH, CuBr, SMe2 / 1.) collidine, 25 deg C, 0.5 h, 2.) collidine, 130 deg C, 9 h 4: 97 percent / 3.0 M aq. HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 5: 53 percent / EDCI, HOBt*H2O / dimethylformamide / 12 h / 25 °C 6: aq. LiOH / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 2 h / 25 °C 7: 3 N HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 8: 58 percent / NaHCO3, diphenyl phosphoroazidate (DPPA) / dimethylformamide / 72 h / 0 °C 9: 57 percent / BBr3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: EDCI, HOBt*H2O / dimethylformamide / 16 h / 25 °C 2: 1.) NaH, CuBr, SMe2 / 1.) collidine, 25 deg C, 0.5 h, 2.) collidine, 130 deg C, 9 h 3: 97 percent / 3.0 M aq. HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 4: 53 percent / EDCI, HOBt*H2O / dimethylformamide / 12 h / 25 °C 5: aq. LiOH / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 2 h / 25 °C 6: 3 N HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 7: 58 percent / NaHCO3, diphenyl phosphoroazidate (DPPA) / dimethylformamide / 72 h / 0 °C 8: 57 percent / BBr3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: 97 percent / 3.0 M aq. HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 2: 53 percent / EDCI, HOBt*H2O / dimethylformamide / 12 h / 25 °C 3: aq. LiOH / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 2 h / 25 °C 4: 3 N HCl / ethyl acetate / 1 h / 25 °C 5: 58 percent / NaHCO3, diphenyl phosphoroazidate (DPPA) / dimethylformamide / 72 h / 0 °C 6: 57 percent / BBr3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: Br2 / methanol / Ambient temperature 2: conc. H2SO4 / 46 h / Heating 3: 76 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / dioxane / 20 h / Ambient temperature 4: 5.2 percent / thallium(III) trinitrate / 18 h / 4 °C 5: 38 percent / 90percent aq. AcOH, Zn / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 78.4 percent / diethyl ether; methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 7: 71.4 percent / AcOK, H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 8: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 9: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 11: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 12: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 97 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 2: 100 percent / methanol; diethyl ether / 5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 91.2 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 4: 94.7 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 5: 97.9 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 6: 97.8 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 7: 99.4 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 8: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 9: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 10: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 11: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 12: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 2: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 4: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 5: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 100 percent / methanol; diethyl ether / 5 h / Ambient temperature 2: 91.2 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 3: 94.7 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 4: 97.9 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 5: 97.8 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 6: 99.4 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 7: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 8: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 9: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 10: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 11: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 91.2 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 2: 94.7 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 3: 97.9 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 4: 97.8 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 5: 99.4 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 6: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 7: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 8: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 9: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 10: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 97.9 percent / H2, HCl / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / Ambient temperature 2: 97.8 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 12 h / Ambient temperature 3: 99.4 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol / 1 h / Ambient temperature 4: 63 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 4 h / Ambient temperature 5: 24 percent / 1N aq. NaOH / methanol; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: 6.1 mg / H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / Ambient temperature 7: 39 percent / N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodimide / dioxane / 15 h 8: 60 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme