dipotassium hydrogenphosphate; palladium diacetate T=140°C; 36 h;

1: 3-(trifluoromethyl)-benzyl alcohol With tert.-butyl lithium in tetrahydrofuran; pentane T=-75°C; 2 h; 2: carbon dioxide in tetrahydrofuran; cyclohexane Further stages.;

hydrogenchloride in water 4 h; Reflux;

acetic acid; zinc 17 h; Reflux;

1.1: triethylamine / toluene / 24 h / 20 °C 2.1: n-butyllithium / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 1 h / -78 °C 2.2: -78 - 20 °C 3.1: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol / 5 h / Cooling with ice 4.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 4 h / Reflux View Scheme

1.1: n-butyllithium / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 1 h / -78 °C 1.2: -78 - 20 °C 2.1: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol / 5 h / Cooling with ice 3.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 4 h / Reflux View Scheme