1: 99.8 percent / 15 h / Heating 2: NaH / 1) 20 min at 0 deg C 2) reflux for 12 h 3: NaOH / 1) 1h reflux with NaOH 2) concentrated HCl 4: SOCl2 5: 1) ozone 2) dimethyl sulfide / 1) 3 in MeOH at -78 deg C 2) room temperature overnight 6: 57 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol / 3 h 7: 82 percent / NaH / tetrahydrofuran / 24.5 h / Heating 8: 49 percent / 4.5M HCl / H2O / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 58 g / 2.5 h / 230 °C 2: 1.) O3, 2.) (CH3)2S / 1.) MeOH, -60 deg C, 3.5 h, 2.) MeOH, 30 deg C, 10 min 3: 85percent H3PO4 / Ambient temperature 4: 91 percent / 85percent KOH / ethanol / 2 h / Heating View Scheme

hydrazine hydrate 6 h; Heating;

1: 99.8 percent / 15 h / Heating 2: NaH / 1) 20 min at 0 deg C 2) reflux for 12 h 3: NaOH / 1) 1h reflux with NaOH 2) concentrated HCl 4: SOCl2 5: 1) BF3*THF 2) NaOH, 30percent H2O2 / 2) at 55-60 deg C for 90 min 6: 88 percent / triethylamine / CH2Cl2 / 2.5 h / Ambient temperature 7: 95 percent / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 60 °C 8: 73 percent / hydrazine,water / 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / 3.5 h / Heating 9: 78 percent / lithium diisopropyl amid / tetrahydrofuran / 0.75 h 10: 61 percent / 4.5M HCl / H2O / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate; [Ni(2,2'-bipyridine)3(2+)][BF4(1-)]2 in N,N-dimethyl-formamide Ambient temperatureelectrolysis: Mg rod anode, carbon fibre cathode, const. current 60 mA;

1: 210 - 215 °C 2: SOCl2 / benzene / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

2: sulfuric acid View Scheme

T=220°C; 1 h; Neat (no solvent);

2: sodium methylate 3: methanolic NaOH-solution 4: 180 - 260 °C View Scheme

1: 210 - 215 °C View Scheme