1: 90 percent / Zn / pyridine 2: 91 percent / NaOAc, H2 / Pd/C (10 percent Pd) / methanol / 10 h / 40 - 45 °C / Irradiation 3: 73 percent / 1) 2 N NaOH, 2) FeCl3*6H2O/HCl / 1) MeOH, reflux, 2) H2O 4: Na2S2O4 / diethyl ether; CHCl3; H2O 5: 81 percent / 1) HCl, 2) H2O / 1) 15 min 6: 80 mg / Pb2O / CHCl3 / 0.08 h 7: 94 percent / HNO3 (65 percent) / 0.03 h View Scheme

1: 90 percent / Zn / pyridine 2: 91 percent / NaOAc, H2 / Pd/C (10 percent Pd) / methanol / 10 h / 40 - 45 °C / Irradiation 3: 73 percent / 1) 2 N NaOH, 2) FeCl3*6H2O/HCl / 1) MeOH, reflux, 2) H2O 4: 98 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / Heating 5: Na2S2O4 / diethyl ether; CHCl3; H2O 6: 83 percent / 1) HCl, 2) H2O / 1) 15 min 7: 1) Ag2O, (Et)3N (0.3 percent), 2) HNO3 (65 percent) / 1) CHCl3, 2) 2 min View Scheme

1: With tin(ll) chloride in tetrahydrofuran; hydrogenchloride T=60°C; 3 h; 2: With iron(III) chloride in tetrahydrofuran Further stages.;

1: 90 percent / Zn / pyridine 2: 91 percent / NaOAc, H2 / Pd/C (10 percent Pd) / methanol / 10 h / 40 - 45 °C / Irradiation 3: 73 percent / 1) 2 N NaOH, 2) FeCl3*6H2O/HCl / 1) MeOH, reflux, 2) H2O 4: 94 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / Heating 5: Na2S2O4 / diethyl ether; CHCl3; H2O 6: 88 percent / K2CO3/KI / various solvent(s) / 20 h / 120 °C 7: 91 percent / NaOH (aq.) / dioxane / 1) room temperature, 10 min, 2) 50 deg C, 5 min 8: 83 percent / H2 / Pd/C (10 percent Pd) / methanol / Ambient temperature 9: 81 percent / 1) Ag2O, 2) HNO3 (65 percent) / CHCl3 / 1) room temperature, 2 h View Scheme

1: 90 percent / Zn / pyridine 2: 91 percent / NaOAc, H2 / Pd/C (10 percent Pd) / methanol / 10 h / 40 - 45 °C / Irradiation 3: 73 percent / 1) 2 N NaOH, 2) FeCl3*6H2O/HCl / 1) MeOH, reflux, 2) H2O 4: 94 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / Heating View Scheme

silver(l) oxide in chloroform T=40 - 50°C;

1: 82 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / 40 - 50 °C 2: 1) Zn; 2) NaOH / 1) CHCl3, glacial acetic acid; 2) dioxane, H2O, 12 h View Scheme

1: 82 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / 40 - 50 °C 2: 1) Zn; 2) NaOH / 1) CHCl3, glacial acetic acid; 2) dioxane, H2O, 12 h 3: 90 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / benzene; methanol / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 82 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / 40 - 50 °C 2: 1) Zn; 2) NaOH / 1) CHCl3, glacial acetic acid; 2) dioxane, H2O, 12 h 3: 90 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / benzene; methanol / Ambient temperature 4: 86 percent / FeCl3*6H2O / acetonitrile 5: 70 percent / 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, triethylamine / 15 h / Ambient temperature 6: 16 percent / H2, sodium acetate / 10 percent Pd/C / benzene; methanol / 40 °C View Scheme

1: 82 percent / Ag2O / CHCl3 / 40 - 50 °C 2: 1) Zn; 2) NaOH / 1) CHCl3, glacial acetic acid; 2) dioxane, H2O, 12 h 3: 90 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / benzene; methanol / Ambient temperature 4: 86 percent / FeCl3*6H2O / acetonitrile 5: 70 percent / 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, triethylamine / 15 h / Ambient temperature 6: 1) sodium acetate, H2; 2) 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, triethyl amine / 1) 10 percent Pd/C / 1) benzene, CH3OH, 40 deg C; 2) 15 h at room temp. 7: 65 percent / 10 percent ammonium cer(IV) nitrate (aq.) / acetonitrile View Scheme