1: With 2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride in benzene T=80°C; 6 h; 2: With potassium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran 2 h;

2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride in benzene T=80°C; 8 h; Product distribution; Further Variations:Reagentsalso in solid phase;

1.1: 91 percent / TsOH / methanol / 2 h / 20 °C 2.1: Ellman resin; TsOH / CH2Cl2 / 72 h / 20 °C 2.2: hexamethylditin / benzene / 20 h / 80 °C / UV-irradiation 2.3: TsOH / CH2Cl2; methanol / 10 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: With 2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride in benzene T=80°C; 6 h; 2: With potassium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran 2 h;