1.1: dihydrogen peroxide / water / 4 h / 45 °C 2.1: hydrogen / 5 palladium on charcoal / water / 40 - 45 °C / 2068.65 - 2327.23 Torr / Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium iodide; sodium hydrogencarbonate / 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 4 h / 75 - 85 °C 4.1: water; sodium carbonate / 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 16 h / 85 - 88 °C 5.1: sulfuric acid / water; 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 22 h / 105 °C 5.2: pH 1.5 - 2 6.1: sodium carbonate / sodium iodide / 70 °C View Scheme

1: With formic acid; dihydrogen peroxide in water T=0 - 80°C; 2: With formic acid; hydrogen; 5 palladium on charcoal in water; isopropyl alcohol T=100°C; P=30003 Torr; 16 h; 3: With sodium hydroxide in water; isopropyl alcohol

1: With formic acid; sulfuric acid; dihydrogen peroxide in water T=22°C; 36 h; 2: With formic acid in methanol; water T=22°C; 0.5 h; 3: With 5 palladium on charcoal; hydrogen in methanol; water T=40°C; P=3102.99 Torr; 9 h; Sealed tube;

1: With peracetic acid; water in acetic acid T=10 - 20°C; 0.0833333 - 0.25 h; 2: With hydrogen; palladium on activated carbon in acetic acid T=20 - 80°C; P=3102.97 Torr; 2.5 h; Product distribution / selectivity;

formic acid; sulfuric acid; dihydrogen peroxide in water T=20°C; 16 h;

1.1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.3: 8 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: t-DDT; sodium ethanolate / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.17 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: triethylamine / ethyl acetate / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: water / 12 h / 80 °C 5.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen; 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid / water / 16 h / 80 °C / 760.05 Torr 6.1: tetrahydrofuran; hexane; cyclohexane; toluene / Inert atmosphere 7.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol; dichloromethane View Scheme

1.1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 12 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.3: 8 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: t-DDT; sodium ethanolate / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.17 h / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: triethylamine / ethyl acetate / 5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: water / 12 h / 80 °C 5.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen; 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid / water / 16 h / 80 °C / 760.05 Torr 6.1: tetrahydrofuran; hexane; cyclohexane; toluene / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: dihydrogen peroxide / water / 4 h / 45 °C 2.1: hydrogen / 5 palladium on charcoal / water / 40 - 45 °C / 2068.65 - 2327.23 Torr / Inert atmosphere 3.1: sodium iodide; sodium hydrogencarbonate / 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 4 h / 75 - 85 °C 4.1: water; sodium carbonate / 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 16 h / 85 - 88 °C 5.1: sulfuric acid / water; 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol / 22 h / 105 °C 5.2: pH 1.5 - 2 View Scheme

1.1: potassium hydrogencarbonate / toluene / 4 h / |Reflux 2.1: N,N,N',N'-tetra-methylnaphthalene-1,8-diamine; 1-chloroethyl chlorocarbonate / dichloromethane / 2 h / |Reflux 3.1: sodium carbonate; potassium iodide / ethanol / 20 h / |Reflux 4.1: dihydrogen peroxide; formic acid / water; methanol / 5 h / 40 - 50 °C 4.2: 8 h / 635 Torr View Scheme