hydrogenchloride; hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal T=20°C; 16 h;

hydrogen iodide; acetic acid

1: 70 percent / NaOAc, H2 / 10percent Pd-C / 2427.2 Torr / 1h, then 60 degC, overnight 2: 1.) Mg; MeI / diethyl ether / 1.) 3 h, reflux; 2.) 1 h, reflux 3: hydrogen, conc. H2SO4 / 10percent Pd-C / ethyl acetate / 4 h / 2942.03 Torr / Ambient temperature 4: NaI, ClSiMe3 / acetonitrile / 36 h / Heating View Scheme

1: hydrogen, conc. H2SO4 / 10percent Pd-C / ethyl acetate / 4 h / 2942.03 Torr / Ambient temperature 2: NaI, ClSiMe3 / acetonitrile / 36 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 1.) Mg; MeI / diethyl ether / 1.) 3 h, reflux; 2.) 1 h, reflux 2: hydrogen, conc. H2SO4 / 10percent Pd-C / ethyl acetate / 4 h / 2942.03 Torr / Ambient temperature 3: NaI, ClSiMe3 / acetonitrile / 36 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 89 percent / (COCl)2 / benzene / 2 h, room t., 1 h, reflux 2: 70 percent / NaOAc, H2 / 10percent Pd-C / 2427.2 Torr / 1h, then 60 degC, overnight 3: 1.) Mg; MeI / diethyl ether / 1.) 3 h, reflux; 2.) 1 h, reflux 4: hydrogen, conc. H2SO4 / 10percent Pd-C / ethyl acetate / 4 h / 2942.03 Torr / Ambient temperature 5: NaI, ClSiMe3 / acetonitrile / 36 h / Heating View Scheme

1: H2, aq. NaOH / Pd-CaCO3 2: aq. H2SO4 3: glycerol / 155 °C View Scheme

in glycerol T=155°C;

1: aq. H2SO4 2: glycerol / 155 °C View Scheme

1: concentrated aqueous HCl; benzene; amalgamated zinc / auf dem Dampfbad 2: aqueous HI; acetic acid View Scheme