hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in ethanol

trifluoroacetic acid in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C;

Enterobacter gergoviae CECT 875 in agarose in phosphate buffer T=60°C; pH=7.0; 21 h; Enzymatic reaction;

sodium hydroxide; hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon in water; acetonitrile pH=8.5 - 10.5; 4.5 - 9 h; Product distribution / selectivity;

Dowex anion-exchange resin; hydrogen; potassium hydrogencarbonate; palladium on activated charcoal in water; isopropyl alcohol T=70°C; 2.5 h;

sodium hydroxide; hydrogen; palladium 10 on activated carbon in water; acetonitrile pH=8.5 - 10.5; 3.8 - 15.5 h; Product distribution / selectivity;

1: 40 percent / pyridine / dimethylformamide / 20 °C 2: 80 percent / dimethylformamide / 20 °C 3: 87 percent / (n-Bu)3SnH; AIBN / toluene / Heating 4: 98 percent / Bu4NF / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 5: 90 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 20 °C 6: 92 percent / dimethylformamide / 20 °C 7: 63 percent / (n-Bu)3SnH; AIBN / toluene / Heating 8: 94 percent / CF3CO2H / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C View Scheme

ammonia in methanol 12 h;

1: 98 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: 1) lithium hexamethyldisilazide / 1) THF, -78 deg C, 1h, 2) room temperature, 30 min 3: tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 4: DIBAL-H / toluene / 2 h / -78 °C 5: 96 percent / pyridine, DMAP / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 0 °C 6: 1) hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), ammonium sulfate, 2) trimethylsilyl triflate (TMSOTf) / 1) reflux, 1 h, 2) 1,2-dichloroethane, a) -22 deg C, 15 min, b) room temperature, 0.5 h 7: 59 percent / ammonia / methanol / 16 h / 80 °C 8: 90.9 percent / n-Bu3SnH, Et3B / benzene; hexane / Ambient temperature 9: 82.4 percent / TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 73.5 percent / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 80 °C 2: 51 percent / 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidine / tetrahydrofuran / 1.) 0 deg C, 10 min, 2.) room temp., 3 h 3: 86 percent / tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / Ambient temperature 4: 0.57 g / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 775.7 Torr View Scheme