catalyst: 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene in neat (no solvent) Irradiation (UV/VIS); 4-tetra-t-butyl phthalonitrile (5.44 mmol) and CuCl2 (2.72 mmol) in the presence of DBU were irradiated in a quartz vessel by a microwave oven at 440 W for 10 min; the complex was washed with a methanol/water soln.; column chromy. (silica gel, ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 1/4, wt./wt.); the complex was dried; elem. anal.;

urea in neat (no solvent) heating (200-210°C, within 30 min, N2 atmosphere), heating (200-210°C, 1 h), cooling; crushing, treatment with dild. NaOH (70°C), hot filtration, washing (H2O and dild. HCl, pH = 7), drying, dissolution (benzene), chromy. (Al2O3, benzene), evapn., heating (1E-4 Torr, 230-240°C); elem. anal.;

in dimethyl sulfoxide at 298 K; UV;

in dimethyl sulfoxide at 298 K; UV;