1.1: 1,3-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-propane; triethylamine / Pd(OAc)2 / dimethylformamide / 0.17 h 1.2: 40 percent / trioctylsilane / dimethylformamide / 12 h / 70 °C 2.1: 72 percent / sodium borohydride / CH2Cl2; methanol / 0.67 h / 20 °C 3.1: 83 percent / triphenylphosphine; N-bromo-succinimide / tetrahydrofuran / 0 - 20 °C 4.1: 100 percent / sodium sulfite; H2O / dioxane / 1 h / 100 °C 5.1: 76 percent / subtilisin; aq. NaOH / aq. phosphate buffer / 4 h / 20 °C View Scheme