potassium carbonate; potassium iodide in DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide) T=80°C; 2 h;

potassium carbonate in DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide) T=65°C; 3 h;

1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / Reflux 2: tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: sodium hydroxide / methanol / 16 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: With diisobutylaluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane T=-78°C; 1 h; 2: With water in tetrahydrofuran; methanol; dichloromethane

1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 16 h / 150 °C 2: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 87 percent / K2CO3; KI / acetonitrile / 16 h / 80 °C 2: 95 percent / TBAF / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 0 °C 3: 69 percent / Pd(OAc)2; Cs2CO3; 9-(2-di-tert-butylphosphanylphenyl)phenanthrene / toluene / 40 h / 50 °C View Scheme

1.1: dichloromethane / 2 h / 20 °C 2.1: dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine; palladium diacetate; potassium phosphate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; water / 21 h / 75 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate / methanol / 19 h / 50 °C 4.1: triethylamine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / 0.33 h 4.2: 3 h / 20 °C 5.1: potassium carbonate; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 15 h / 90 °C 6.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 3.5 h / 0 - 40 °C 7.1: thionyl chloride / dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 0 - 20 °C 8.1: caesium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 20 °C 9.1: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 71 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 25 °C 2: 1.) Al(CH3)3 / 1.) benzene, toluene, 1 h, 25 deg C, 2.) 75 deg C, 40 h 3: 11 percent / tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 0.02 h / -65 °C View Scheme

1: 99 percent / P2O5 / CHCl3 / 0.17 h / 20 °C 2: 99 percent / DIBAL-H / CH2Cl2; toluene / 1 h / -78 °C 3: 99 percent / HCl / dioxane; CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h View Scheme

1: With triethylamine; [Fe(II)(C5H5)(C5H4PPh2)]; palladium diacetate in diethyl ether; ethanol T=70°C; Inert atmosphere; 2: With hydrogenchloride; water in dichloromethane 2 h;