sulfuric acid; sodium ethanolate; toluene

1: ethanolic sodium ethylate; sodium iodide 2: sodium ethylate; toluene; aqueous sulfuric acid View Scheme

β-NADP+; horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase in various solvent(s) T=25°C; pH 9; Rate constant;

1.1: dichloromethane / 0.08 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: -78 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: water; lithium chloride / dimethyl sulfoxide / 5 h / 185 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: p-toluenesulfonic acid / ethanol / 44 h 2: 1.21 g / NaOAc; Na2WO4*2H2O; aq. H2O2 / 60 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: cerium(III) chloride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.3: Inert atmosphere 2.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / -78 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 °C 4.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / methanol / 1500.15 Torr 5.1: dibromo-difluoro-methane; tert-butyl alcohol / dichloromethane / 1.5 h / 60 °C / Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation View Scheme