1: 96 percent / Aspergillus amino acylase, CoCl2 2: 92 percent View Scheme

1: Nα-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-lysine oxidase from Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1; 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-amino-3-pyrazolone; N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfonatopropyl)-3-methylaniline sodium salt / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: Nα-(benzyloxycarbonyl)aminoadipic acid-δ-semialdehyde dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1; Reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction View Scheme

1: 83 percent / H2, 60percent aq. AcOH / 10percent Pd/C / 2 h 2: 68 percent / 20percent aq. AcOH / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 45 percent 2: 83 percent / BH3-THF View Scheme

hydrogen; acetic acid; palladium on activated charcoal 2 h;

1: 83 percent / H2, 60percent aq. AcOH / 10percent Pd/C / 2 h 2: 68 percent / 20percent aq. AcOH / 3 h / Heating 3: 92 percent / dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / ethyl acetate / 3 h / 0 - 5 °C 4: 86 percent / NEt3 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 0 - 5 °C View Scheme