1.1: 88 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1.5 h / 0 °C 2.1: 96 percent / pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 3.1: Pd2dba3*CHCl3; (S)-BINAPO / dimethylformamide / 21 h / 0 °C 4.1: 100 percent / aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C 5.1: 90 percent / PBr3 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / 0 - 20 °C 6.1: 95 percent / dimethylsulfoxide / 1 h / 20 °C 7.1: 73 percent / Pd(OAc)2; Me2PPh; Ag2CO3 / dimethylsulfoxide / 17 h / 90 °C 8.1: LiAlH4 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / 20 °C 9.1: 3.22 g / Et3N / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 20 °C 10.1: 77 percent / MnO2; benzoquinone; AcOH / Pd(OAc)2 / 20 h / 50 °C 11.1: 9-BBN / tetrahydrofuran / 9 h / 50 °C 11.2: aq. NaOH; H2O2 / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C 12.1: 87 percent / (COCl)2; DMSO; Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 0.92 h / -78 °C 13.1: 63 percent / KHMDS / tetrahydrofuran; toluene / 0.25 h / 20 °C 14.1: 100 percent / PPh3; HCO2H; iPr2NEt / Pd(OAc)2 / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 60 °C 15.1: 89 percent / sodium naphthalenide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.25 h / -78 °C 16.1: 18.0 mg / K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 0 °C 17.1: 46 percent / Pd(OAc)2; PPh3; i-Pr2NEt / dimethylsulfoxide / 1.5 h / 80 °C 18.1: 81 percent / NaOiPr / propan-2-ol / 1 h / 20 °C 19.1: CF3CO2H / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 20.1: 7.1 mg / Li2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 14 h / 40 °C 21.1: 48 percent / PPh3; K2CO3; Bu4NCl / Pd(OAc)2 / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / 70 °C 22.1: 47 percent / LiAlH4 / diethyl ether; tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 23.1: 96 percent / aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / 20 °C 24.1: 16 percent / KOH / ethanol / 6 h / 85 °C View Scheme

1.1: 88 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 1.5 h / 0 °C 2.1: 96 percent / pyridine / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / 0 °C 3.1: Pd2dba3*CHCl3; (S)-BINAPO / dimethylformamide / 21 h / 0 °C 4.1: 100 percent / aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C 5.1: 90 percent / PBr3 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / 0 - 20 °C 6.1: 95 percent / dimethylsulfoxide / 1 h / 20 °C 7.1: 73 percent / Pd(OAc)2; Me2PPh; Ag2CO3 / dimethylsulfoxide / 17 h / 90 °C 8.1: LiAlH4 / tetrahydrofuran / 1.5 h / 20 °C 9.1: 3.22 g / Et3N / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 20 °C 10.1: 77 percent / MnO2; benzoquinone; AcOH / Pd(OAc)2 / 20 h / 50 °C 11.1: 9-BBN / tetrahydrofuran / 9 h / 50 °C 11.2: aq. NaOH; H2O2 / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C 12.1: 87 percent / (COCl)2; DMSO; Et3N / CH2Cl2 / 0.92 h / -78 °C 13.1: 63 percent / KHMDS / tetrahydrofuran; toluene / 0.25 h / 20 °C 14.1: 100 percent / PPh3; HCO2H; iPr2NEt / Pd(OAc)2 / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 60 °C 15.1: 89 percent / sodium naphthalenide / tetrahydrofuran / 0.25 h / -78 °C 16.1: 18.0 mg / K2CO3 / tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 0 °C 17.1: 46 percent / Pd(OAc)2; PPh3; i-Pr2NEt / dimethylsulfoxide / 1.5 h / 80 °C 18.1: 81 percent / NaOiPr / propan-2-ol / 1 h / 20 °C 19.1: CF3CO2H / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / 0 °C 20.1: 7.1 mg / Li2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 14 h / 40 °C 21.1: 48 percent / PPh3; K2CO3; Bu4NCl / Pd(OAc)2 / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / 70 °C 22.1: 47 percent / LiAlH4 / diethyl ether; tetrahydrofuran / 0 °C 23.1: 96 percent / aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / 20 °C View Scheme