1: 3.5 percent / KNO3; H2SO4 / 4 h / 0 - 10 °C 2: 53 percent / arsenic pentoxide; H2SO4 / 2 h / 150 °C 3: 98 percent / NH3 / ethanol / 22 h / 160 °C 4: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethanol / 3.5 h / 20 - 25 °C / 2280 Torr View Scheme

1: With sulfuric acid; potassium nitrate T=2 - 5°C; 4 h; 2: With sulfuric acid T=100 - 110°C; 2 h;

sulfuric acid; potassium nitrate T=0 - 10°C; Nitration; 4 h; Further byproducts given;

1: HNO3 2: H2SO4 View Scheme

1: 44 percent / KNO3; H2SO4 / 4 h / 0 - 10 °C 2: 97 percent / NH3 / ethanol / 22 h / 160 °C View Scheme

1.1: sulfuric acid; potassium nitrate / 4 h / 2 - 5 °C 1.2: 55 percent / sulfuric acid / 2 h / 100 - 110 °C 2.1: 58 percent / arsenic pentoxide hydrate; sulfuric acid / 3 h / 150 °C 3.1: 60 percent / methylhydrazine / ethanol / 65 h / 100 °C 4.1: 86 percent / arsenic pentoxide hydrate; sulfuric acid / 2 h / 150 °C 5.1: 54 percent / hydrazine monohydrate / Pd/C / ethanol / 2.5 h / Heating View Scheme

T=20°C;

triethylamine in dichloromethane T=20°C;

potassium carbonate; Triton-X 405 T=150°C; 14 h;

1: tin; hydrochloric acid 2: glacial acetic acid View Scheme