sodium hydroxide; water T=60°C; 1 h;

phosphorus; hydrogen iodide; potassium iodide

thionyl chloride T=0°C; 4 h; Reflux;

ammonia; copper(II) oxide T=180°C; im Rohr;

T=180°C;

1: With pyridine; oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide in tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane; acetonitrile T=-55 - 20°C; 3 h; 2: With copper(l) iodide; lithium tri-t-butoxyaluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran; acetonitrile T=-78 - -70°C; 0.5 h; 3: With hydrogenchloride; water in tetrahydrofuran; acetonitrile T=-70 - 20°C;

1: thionyl chloride / 4 h / 0 °C / |Reflux 2: sodium tetrahydroborate; methanol / dichloromethane / 18 h / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: sulfuric acid / methanol / 70 °C 2: hydrazine / methanol / 70 °C View Scheme