1.1: (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; sodium carbonate / 1,4-dioxane; water / 2.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 1.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: dichloromethane / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: dirhodium(II) tetrakis(perfluorobutyrate) / toluene / 15 h / 90 °C / Inert atmosphere; Molecular sieve 5.1: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol; water / 20 - 100 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; sodium carbonate / 1,4-dioxane; water / 2.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 1.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.2: 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: dichloromethane / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: dirhodium(II) tetrakis(perfluorobutyrate) / toluene / 15 h / 90 °C / Inert atmosphere; Molecular sieve 5.1: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol; water / 20 - 100 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: sodium ethanolate / ethanol / 80 °C 2: hydrogenchloride / water / 80 °C 3: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 80 °C 4: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1: hydrogenchloride / water / 80 °C 2: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 80 °C 3: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 80 °C 2: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1.1: acetic acid / 18 h / 20 °C 2.1: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 4 h / 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.2: 5 h 4.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1: acetic acid / 18 h / 20 °C 2: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 80 °C 3: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

1.1: palladium diacetate; copper diacetate; potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 4 h / 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.1: trifluoroacetic acid / dichloromethane / 0 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.2: 5 h 3.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 0 °C View Scheme

potassium phosphate in isobutyramide T=100°C; 24 h; Inert atmosphere;

potassium hydroxide; potassium borohydride; trifluoroacetic acid Yield given;