triethylamine in benzene Heating;

sodium hydroxide in methanol T=50°C; 4.5 h;

T=180 - 200°C; 5 h;

1.1: polymer-supported selenium lithium / 20 °C 1.2: tetrahydrofuran / 20 h / 20 °C 1.3: m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid; K2HPO4 / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 10 h / 20 °C 2.1: aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran; dimethylformamide / 65 °C View Scheme

T=180°C;

1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane in toluene Heating;

1: tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 2: m-chloroperbenzoic acid; potassium hydrogen phosphate / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C 3: aq. HCl / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 65 °C View Scheme