1: With sodium hydroxide 28 h; Reflux; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water T=0 - 20°C; pH=3; 3 h;

1: 94 percent / LiHMDS / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 2: 84 percent / NaN3, 18-Crown-6, DBU / 6 h / Ambient temperature 3: 71 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethyl acetate / 18 h / 1551.44 Torr 4: 75 percent / TEA / CH2Cl2 5: 90 percent / TFA / H2O 6: 79 percent 7: 40 percent / 5 h / 170 - 180 °C / sealed tube 8: 80 percent / H2 / Pd/C 9: 64 percent / HCl, Dowex 50WX8-100 / Heating View Scheme

1: 75 percent / TEA / CH2Cl2 2: 90 percent / TFA / H2O 3: 79 percent 4: 40 percent / 5 h / 170 - 180 °C / sealed tube 5: 80 percent / H2 / Pd/C 6: 64 percent / HCl, Dowex 50WX8-100 / Heating View Scheme

1: 71 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethyl acetate / 18 h / 1551.44 Torr 2: 75 percent / TEA / CH2Cl2 3: 90 percent / TFA / H2O 4: 79 percent 5: 40 percent / 5 h / 170 - 180 °C / sealed tube 6: 80 percent / H2 / Pd/C 7: 64 percent / HCl, Dowex 50WX8-100 / Heating View Scheme

1: 84 percent / NaN3, 18-Crown-6, DBU / 6 h / Ambient temperature 2: 71 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethyl acetate / 18 h / 1551.44 Torr 3: 75 percent / TEA / CH2Cl2 4: 90 percent / TFA / H2O 5: 79 percent 6: 40 percent / 5 h / 170 - 180 °C / sealed tube 7: 80 percent / H2 / Pd/C 8: 64 percent / HCl, Dowex 50WX8-100 / Heating View Scheme

1: 90 percent / TFA / H2O 2: 79 percent 3: 40 percent / 5 h / 170 - 180 °C / sealed tube 4: 80 percent / H2 / Pd/C 5: 64 percent / HCl, Dowex 50WX8-100 / Heating View Scheme

1: 100 percent / H2 / Pd/C 2: ethanol; H2O 3: 76 percent / 5N aq. NaOH View Scheme

1: 80 percent / aq. (CO2H)2 / CH2Cl2 / sealed tube 2: 100 percent / H2 / Pd/C 3: ethanol; H2O 4: 76 percent / 5N aq. NaOH View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; Dowex 50WX8-100 Heating;

sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran