potassium dihydrogenphosphate; baker's yeast; D-glucose in water T=28°C; 48 h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given;

sodium tetrahydroborate in methanol 1. 0 deg C, 0.5 h 2. 20 deg C, 4 h; Yield given;

1.1: pyridine; CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 0 - 20 °C 1.2: methanol / 3 h / Heating 2.1: hydrogen / (R)-ruthenium 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl / methanol / 5 h / 100 °C / 3750.3 Torr 3.1: lithium hydroxide monohydrate / methanol; H2O / 12 h View Scheme

(i) H2, Raney-Ni, (ii) (saponification), (iii) (racemate resolution using (-)-phenylethylamine); Multistep reaction;