sodium hydroxide in ethanol 3 h; Heating;

1: 86 percent / HNO3, conc. H2SO4 / 1 h / 0 - 5 °C 2: 79 percent / 0.78N aq. NH4Cl, Fe / toluene / 1 h / 85 - 90 °C 3: aq. NaHCO3 / CHCl3 / 2 h / 0 - 10 °C 4: K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 70 °C 5: 82.2 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / a) RT, 3 h, b) 40-45 deg C, 1 h 6: 81.5 percent / 5percent NaOH / ethanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: aq. NaHCO3 / CHCl3 / 2 h / 0 - 10 °C 2: K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 70 °C 3: 82.2 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / a) RT, 3 h, b) 40-45 deg C, 1 h 4: 81.5 percent / 5percent NaOH / ethanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 82.2 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / a) RT, 3 h, b) 40-45 deg C, 1 h 2: 81.5 percent / 5percent NaOH / ethanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 79 percent / 0.78N aq. NH4Cl, Fe / toluene / 1 h / 85 - 90 °C 2: aq. NaHCO3 / CHCl3 / 2 h / 0 - 10 °C 3: K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 70 °C 4: 82.2 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / a) RT, 3 h, b) 40-45 deg C, 1 h 5: 81.5 percent / 5percent NaOH / ethanol / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

sodium hydroxide; hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in ethanol; water 5.5 h;

1: SOCl2, DMF / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 2 h / 60 °C 2: CHCl3 / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

thionyl chloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide in 1,2-dichloro-ethane T=60°C; 2 h;