sodium hydroxide in ethanol 4 h; Ambient temperature;

1: 65 percent / K2CO3, KI / acetone / 18 h / Ambient temperature 2: 38 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / dimethylformamide; toluene / 1.25 h / Heating 3: 12 M aq. NaOH / ethanol / 4 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 38 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate / dimethylformamide; toluene / 1.25 h / Heating 2: 12 M aq. NaOH / ethanol / 4 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: conc. H2SO4 / toluene / 2 h / 85 - 90 °C 2: K2CO3 / acetonitrile / 15 h / Heating 3: 2 N aq. LiOH / methanol / 64 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme