1: With triethylamine in acetonitrile T=20°C; 16 h; 2: With potassium hydroxide; water in 1,4-dioxane 0.5 h; Heating / reflux; 3: With hydrogenchloride in 1,4-dioxane; water T=20°C;
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1.1: toluene-4-sulfonic acid / 20 h / Reflux 2.1: sodium hydroxide; ethanol / 40 °C 2.2: pH 1 3.1: copper / toluene / 0.42 h / 250 °C / Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation View Scheme
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