1: tetrahydrofuran / 0 deg C, 1-2 h then R.T., 1-2 h 2: Na/Hg, Na2HPO4 / tetrahydrofuran; methanol / 20 h / Ambient temperature 3: 67 percent / TsOH / dioxane; H2O / 1 h / 80 °C View Scheme

 in  tetrahydrofuran  0 deg C, 1-2 h then R.T., 1-2 h;  Yields of byproduct given;   

With  2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile in  benzene 18 h;  Heating;   

 in  tetrahydrofuran  0 deg C, 1-2 h then R.T., 1-2 h;  Yields of byproduct given;